Ankle Arthritis

Types of Ankle Arthritis

Post-Traumatic Arthritis

The most common type, developing after an ankle injury such as a fracture or severe sprain. Even with proper treatment, damage to the joint surface can lead to arthritis years later.

Osteoarthritis

"Wear and tear" arthritis that develops over time as cartilage breaks down. Less common in the ankle than in the hip or knee.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

An autoimmune condition where the body attacks its own joint tissues. Often affects multiple joints including the ankles.

Symptoms

• Pain with activity, especially walking or standing
• Stiffness, particularly in the morning or after rest
• Swelling around the ankle joint
• Decreased range of motion
• Instability or giving way
• Pain that worsens with weather changes
• Difficulty on uneven surfaces

Conservative Treatment Options

We always start with non-surgical approaches:

• Activity Modification: Adjusting activities to reduce stress on the joint
• Physical Therapy: Exercises to maintain strength and flexibility
• Anti-Inflammatory Medications: NSAIDs to reduce pain and swelling
• Bracing: Ankle braces or custom AFOs to provide support and stability
• Custom Orthotics: Inserts that help control motion and reduce pain
• Injections: Corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid injections for relief
• Footwear Modifications: Rocker-bottom shoes to reduce ankle motion

Surgical Options

When conservative treatments no longer provide adequate relief, surgery may be recommended. Dr. Johnson will help you understand all your options:

Ankle Arthroscopy

A minimally invasive procedure to clean out the joint, remove loose bodies, and smooth damaged cartilage. Best for early-stage arthritis.

Ankle Fusion (Arthrodesis)

The traditional "gold standard" for end-stage ankle arthritis. The bones are fused together, eliminating the painful joint. Very effective at relieving pain, though it eliminates ankle motion.

Ankle Replacement (Arthroplasty)

A newer option that replaces the damaged joint with an artificial implant from leading manufacturers such as Stryker. Preserves ankle motion while relieving pain. Not suitable for everyone, but an excellent option for many patients.

Distraction Arthroplasty

A joint-preserving option for younger patients that uses an external frame to separate the joint surfaces and promote healing.

Choosing the Right Treatment

The best treatment depends on many factors: the severity of your arthritis, your age, activity level, overall health, and personal goals. Dr. Johnson will take the time to understand your situation and help you make an informed decision about your care.